Journal of ethmpharnwcology, 18 1986 257266 257 eisevier scientific publishers ireland ltd. In some asian and african countries, up to 80% of the population relies on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs. Akinyinka omigbodun in nigeria, access and quality of health care services are a challenge, particularly for disadvantaged populations. Nov 25, 2011 it is also recognised by the who that herbal medicines are the most popular form of traditional medicine, and are highly lucrative in the international medicine market. Trends and challenges of traditional medicines in africa. Neglect of traditional medicine continues nigeria and world. The training systems of africans such as the traditional schools did exist, but most. The devel opment of traditional medicine in nigeria has led to various categories of healers, the various healing methods, strategies and medicines or remedies now known. Comparative analysis focuses on the inclusion of african culture, history and language in curriculum and innovation in methodology. The etm flows together within the network of african traditional heritage. Igbo people can be seen in some parts of other states. The commemoration coincides with the date, august 31, 2000, on which the ministers of. Traditional medicine policy and regulation in nigeria.
Apr 16, 2014 diagnosis in traditional chinese medicine tcm is the process of examining the body to diagnose disease and differentiate patterns under the guidance of the fundamental theories of tcm. Pdf on feb 10, 2018, abdulbaqi saliu zakariya and others published problems and prospects of african traditional medicine in nigeria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. In nigeria, 1985 who survey estimated that up to 75% of the population patronizes traditional medicine 4. For instance, in nigeria, the federal government through the ministry of health. Ephedrine, the active ingredient in ephedra, is used in the commercial pharmaceutical preparations for the relief of asthma symptoms and other respiratory problems. Pdf problems and prospects of african traditional medicine. Nigeria joined the rest of the continent on august 31 to mark the african traditional medicine day atmd. When adopted outside its traditional culture, traditional medicine is often considered a form of alternative medicine. Pangolin body parts are used extensively and frequently by traditional medical practitioners in sierra leone.
During the past three decades, the demand and utilization of medicinal plants has increased globally. The persistence of traditional medicine in the modern world. Traditional and orthodox medical systems in nigeria american. The overarching theme of the research is to investigate the traditional herbal medicine and its practices among the indigenous people of ghana. List of social problems in nigeria and solutions top 10.
Reviewtraditional medicine development for medical and dental. Oral literature encompasses fables, folktales, legends myths and proverbs. Therefore, this study is designed to assess the policy and regulation guiding herbal medicine in nigeria as this information may form a safety index of herbal medicine use in nigeria. She is indeed a beauty, endowed with natural and mineral resources, different culture and tribes, different religion. The implementation of phc, primarily through services provided. Traditional, orthodox, medicine, health care, nigeria.
Herbal medicine use among urban residents in lagos, nigeria. Conflicts between african traditional religion and. Traditional and orthodox medical systems in nigeria science. Pdf trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa. Educational reconstruction and postcolonial curriculum. Pdf on feb 10, 2018, abdulbaqi saliu zakariya and others published problems and prospects of african traditional medicine in nig eria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Although occupations varied accord ing to the geographical areas in nigeria, the major ones were farming, trading, craft work, fishing, cat tle rearing, wine tapping, traditional medicine and blacksmithing. Introductionhealth knowledge and belief systems in africa susan rasmussen 3 part a religion and belief systems chapter 1 examining the role of language in healing. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine tcam refers to a set of healthcare practices indigenous or imported that are delivered outside of the mainstream healthcare system. Traditional african medicine and its role in healing in a. More so, the uneven distribution of health personnel between rural and urban areas has left the rural dwellers with virtually no alternative than to. Medicinal plants and traditional medicine in africa, john wiled and sons limited, chichester. Traditional medicine practices among the yoruba eo plf n ig ra.
The mutual suspicion between traditional medicine practitioners on one hand, and allopathic medicine practitioners, academics and the educated elite on the other hand, is still rather strong. Pdf problems and prospects of african traditional medicine in. Medicinal plants used in antenatal and perinatal care among. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa african. Bill to regulate, promote traditional medicine in nigeria. Nigerias urban slums and health problems punch newspapers. Despite the existing differences, this country still stands united as one country. The study investigates the relevance of herbal medicine in contemporary health care provision in ghana. The southeastern part of nigeria consists of five states that are known as the core igbospeaking states. Nasiru garo kanoapc and two other lawmakers, seek to encourage, promote and regulate traditional medicine practice in nigeria. Pdf a historical overview of traditional medicine practices. Pangolins manidae have long been used for traditional medicinal purposes in most parts of subsaharan africa. Nigeria is blessed with abundance of natural gas, petroleum, tin, iron ore, coal, limestone, niobium, lead, zinc, arable land, etc. Apr 09, 2019 practitioners of traditional african medicine are quite different from doctors who practice conventional medicine.
It is commonplace to see traditional healers dressed in certain peculiar attires, with head bands, feathers, and eyes painted with native chalk. The use of medicinal plants as a fundamental component of the african traditional healthcare system is perhaps the oldest and the most assorted of all therapeutic systems. Mar 08, 2017 the consolidated bills, which was sponsored by rep. Comparison of two therapeutic interventions for spirit possession christy schuetze 33 chapter 2 the relevance of worldview interpretation to health care in south africa j. Subsequently, several reorganization of the nigeria health structure to align with the new vision were made. Ethnomedicinal use of african pangolins by traditional. It forms part of african metaphysical belief and an essential element of the peoples lifesince good health and good living. Moreso, the uneven distribution of health personnel between rural and urban areas has left the rural dwellers with virtually no alternative than to patronize the traditional practitioners.
Medicinal plants for forest conservation and healthcare, fao, rome, italy. Akinwumi department of botany, university of benin, benin city nigeria accepted october 20, 1986 summary one hundred informants including full timepart time herbalists, old ladies, family heads and. Peter department of philosophy, university of benin, benin city, nigeria introduction african traditional medicine has an important place in. This paper discusses esan traditional medicine etm with emphasis on its problems and prospects.
Akinwumi department of botany, university of benin, benin city nigeria accepted october 20, 1986 summary one hundred informants including full timepart time herbalists, old ladies, family heads and village heads. Nigeria by people who are located predominantly in the southeastern part of nigeria. The federal government of nigeria has established the nigeria natural medicine development agency nnmda to study, collate, document, develop, preserve and promote nigerian traditional medicine products and practices and to also fasttrack the integration of the tm into the mainstream of modern health care system in line with happenings in. Traditional medicine by marian ewurama addy the traditional health care system in ghana is a holistic one that integrates our social ethics, religious morals and cultural values. Nigeria is one of the most popular countries in africa. Traditional medicine an overview sciencedirect topics. The use of traditional medicine in maternity care among. There is a paucity of literature describing traditional health practices and beliefs of african women.
A historical overview of traditional medicine practices and policy in ethiopia article pdf available in ethiopian journal of health development 202. Prior to the introduction of cosmopolitan medicine, traditional medicine used to be the dominant medical system available to millions of people. Traditional medicine practitioners are mainly illiterate and practice in the general community or in secret shrines which are mostly in rural areas. A literature search of published articles, grey literature and unpublished. International journal of mechanical engineering and technology ijmet volume 10, issue 02, february 2019, pp. African traditional medicines and indigenous knowledge. It forms part of african metaphysical belief and an essential element of the. There is now a consenses regarding the importance of medicinal plants and traditional health systems in solving the health care problems, efficacy and safety of medicinal plants in curing various diseases. It does not exist in a vacuum or up there in the blues but among humans. Pdf prior to the introduction of cosmopolitan medicine, traditional.
Advantages and disadvantages traditional medicine health. The yearly herbal medicine trade fair in nigeria and increasing publicity and patronage this attracts. The african continent experienced its own form of training and learning before it was colonized and even before the arrival of the missionaries. The boys also engaged in such other training activities as archery, tree climbing and wrestling. The contributions of african traditional medicine to nigerias health. Herbal medicines in african traditional medicine intechopen. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in. In fact, nigeria is the leading exporter of oil in africa today and one of the leading oil exporters in the world. Industrial utilisation of medicinal plants in developing countries, nonwood forest products ii.
It is necessary to have the perception of the basic concept of the word conflict before exploring the extensive area of conflicts between african traditional religion and christianity. Although development, civilization and education among other factors have helped to introduce. This paper attempts to unravel the historical development of yoruba traditional medicine. Pdf trends and challenges of traditional medicines in. While health services are far better in the urban, compare. Traditional chinese medicine for more than two thousand years to treat asthma and other respiratory problems.
African cultural practices and health implications for. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa. Traditional medicines are well accepted in the country. In ghana, mali, nigeria and zambia, the first line of treatment for. It is a bridge that connects the basics of tcm with all branches of clinical medicine and includes inspecting the symptoms or manifestations, analyzing the. Jul 03, 2011 the federal government of nigeria has established the nigeria natural medicine development agency nnmda to study, collate, document, develop, preserve and promote nigerian traditional medicine products and practices and to also fasttrack the integration of the tm into the mainstream of modern health care system in line with happenings in. The traditional medical practices of the yoruba in nigeria, however, offer fresh. Inspite of the common use of herbal medicine in the healthcare delivery in many countries, like nigeria, and the availability of medicinal herbs in. In many parts of rural africa, traditional healers prescribing medicinal plants are the most easily accessible and affordable health resource available to the local community and at times the only therapy that subsists. Peter department of philosophy, university of benin, benin city, nigeria introduction african traditional medicine has an important place in health care delivery among africans.
This paper discusses esan traditional medicine etmwith emphasis on its problems and prospects. It includes diet and herbal remedies, while emphasizing the body, mind and spirit in disease prevention and treatment morgan, 2002. The states are delta, rivers, bayelsa, and akwa ibom. We believe that the health of an individual has a link with the metaphysical and supernatural world. In spite of the rapid growth in the development and spread of modern medicine, traditional knowledge on the use of plants continues to be the most popular alternative to health problems in nigeria. It has been said that the former are often priestesses, high priests, diviners, midwives, and herbalists, and are known by different names in different parts of africa, including sangoma, nanga, and inyanga. It is misunderstood, sometimes to the point of causing fear. L w l abstract often times, people ask questions about the origin and development of traditional medicine among the yoruba people.
Traditional medicine tm is defined as the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose, improve or treat physical and mental illnesses 1. As once noted some years ago tella, 1986, traditional medicine is as old as the hills in nigeria. A detailed list of social problems in nigeria, causes and solutions. However, very little is known about the extent of this use, the body parts that are used and the ailments these practices are attempting to cure or alleviate. Traditional medicine has been gradually forced underground in many societies due to pressure from missionaries and governments who perceived such practices as witchcraft. Contrary to those beliefs, however, traditional medicine has proven to be quite effective in treating both chronic diseases and psychological problems, especially those associated with stress, which frequently stem from. Trends and challenges of traditional medicine in africa ncbi. Overview on medicinal plants and traditional medicine. Problems and prospects of african traditional medicine in. Nigeria was among the 4 signatories to this invaluable idea. Traditional medicine is contrasted with scientific medicine.
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